Earth homes are the oldest type of house in the world, dating back to at least 15,000 BCE, and still house upwards of 700 million people around the world. They’re also remarkably efficient, affordable, and environmentally friendly. While they were once considered a niche home style, they have become increasingly popular, primarily starting in the 1970s during the environmental movement.
But what are earth homes? Where can you build them and how do you do it? Are they right for you? Whether you live in a house in Albuquerque, NM, or are looking to build a home in Reno, NV, read on for everything you need to know about earth homes.
What is an earth home?
An earth home, also called an earthen home or earth shelter, is a structure that is either built from natural soil and other organic materials or built into the earth (above or below ground). They have an incredibly long history and were the primary housing style for most peoples around the world for thousands of years, including Native Americans.
Today, homes are usually either built into the side of a hill or buried completely underground and have concrete walls. They may sound intimidating, but earth shelters minimize your impact on the landscape while offering tons of practical advantages.
Types of earth homes
There are three standard types of earthen homes: Underground, in-hill, and bermed. Let’s break these down, so you can decide which is best for you.
1. Bermed earth homes
Bermed earth homes are the most flexible type of home and are usually built at or slightly below ground level, with earth piled up against the exterior walls on one to three sides. The roof may be exposed or covered in earth as well. This design allows for easier access and more natural light compared to completely underground homes, but it provides less insulation from the earth than the other types. Bermed design can be particularly effective in colder climates, where the earth can provide substantial insulation, and…